African American Inventors Patents (Last Names O-R)

The Renaissance Was A Creative Period - 974 Words

The Renaissance was a creative period. â€Å"First called the rinascimento, Italian for ‘rebirth’ the period came to be known by its French name, the Renaissance.† This period can also be defined as the rebirth of classical learning, literature, and art. During this Renaissance artists branched away from the restraint of Byzantine Art. Early in the Renaissance, Florence was not part of the unified country of Italy. Italy was divided into different states such as Florence, Milan, Venice, etc. Florence became the founder of the rebirth. One reason Florence was so prominent was because Florentines praised their hometown. Extraordinary wealthy accumulated in Florence. Merchants and wealthy families controlled the political power in Florence. Florence saw itself as the ideal government and city. They were extremely proud of the government. Freedom and choices of the individual was guaranteed. Other’s sought to destroy Florence, such as Duke of Milan and King o f Naples. Fortunately for Florence, Duke of Milan suddenly died of the plague and King of Naples died before ever conquering Florence. The Florentines saw these victories as signs of God’s favor and protection over the city. There was a shift in art from religious to a focus on human view. Artists studied the natural world intently. There was a drive for artists to perfect their understanding of the human anatomy and perspective. Artists sought to perfect of human forms with correct proportions. Artists developed newShow MoreRelatedHow Did the Period of Renaissance Alter Man’s View of Man? Essay1057 Words   |  5 PagesThe Renaissance period was a truly enlightening period in history that birthed many great advancements in all fields of science, and inventions. How did the period of time we know as, â€Å"The Renaissance†, change or alter man’s view of man? Well, we know that in the Middle Ages, the Church had authority over most people, and people had very few rights. In 1400’s, the Middle Ages had ended and then began the Renaissance. The Renaissance was a monumental change in Europe which lasted for 300 years. HumanityRead MoreJohannes Gutenberg and Donatello:Two Import ant Figures of the Ranaissance643 Words   |  3 Pages Research Paper The Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned the period from the 14th to 17th century. The purpose of The Renaissance was to â€Å"rebirth†. The Renaissance period was to gain knowledge and explore more about life,science,literature and music. Two figures that impacted this period in numerous ways were Johannes Gutenberg and Donatello. Donatello was an early renaissance Italian sculptor who lived in florence. Johannes Gutenberg was a printer and publisher whoRead More Art of the Ages Essay736 Words   |  3 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The main focus of art from the Early Middle Ages to the Renaissance period involved fundamental changes in the way individuals viewed their world. A central element of the Renaissance was the rediscovery of ancient world of Greece and Rome. The ancient classics of philosophy, literature, and science inspired the development of empirical methods to pursue studies in these fields. As Europeans became increasingly aware of classical knowledge some like Galileo began toRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s Poem Essay707 Words   |  3 PagesB† and â€Å"Mother to Son.† Both poems were written around the Harlem Renaissance Era. Both of the poem Hughes shares learning new things and using a creative language. His poems are empowering, it speaks from a creative mind. We should study my texts because of the cultural center for Africa-American: writers, artists, musicians, photographers, poets, scholars. The poem reflects the Harlem Renaissance era. The Harlem Renaissance was a name given to the cultural, social, and artistic explosion of AfricanRead MoreThe Baroque And The Renaissance Period947 Words   |  4 PagesThe Art period went through many different transitional phases to become what it is now, but the most famous of these phases are the Baroque and the Renaissance period. During the Renaissance saw the appearance of the â€Å"rebirth† of its country. the painters use realistic portrayals of nature and the human figure by artists that were inspired by the ancient Greek and Roman art and culture. However, during the Baroque creative phase,the artwork that seemed to be unrealistic, clear and produced manyRead MoreEssay on Ancient Greek and Roman Art Styles in the Renaissance615 Words   |  3 Pages The â€Å"Renaissance† was an important time following the Middle Ages. Ancient Greek and Ancient Roman art styles and ideas were revived during this period of ti me. Extravagant and detailed paintings were commissioned and featured mythological creatures from Greek and Roman culture. It was similar to an artistic revolution. One of the most famous painters from this period was Sandro Botticelli. Known for his detail included in his paintings, Botticelli went on to create paintings for influential figuresRead MoreDbq the Renaissance818 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance was primarily thought of as being a period in which the revival of learning flourished, and the arts changed for the better and ideas became more focused life on earth. It was a time when new ideas of individualism, the thought of secularism and the interest in human ideas jumpstarted a new and freer lifestyle for everyone. The new ideas formed in the renaissance made enough impact on the world them and ever since that it deserves to be called its own era. The medieval timesRead MoreTo What Extent Is the Term Renaissance a Valid Concept for a Distinct Period in Early Modern European History?623 Words   |  3 Pages1. To what extent is the term Renaissance a valid concept for a distinct period in early modern European history? During the 14th to 17th century, a new golden age emerged. This age was characterized the Renaissance. Led by northern Italian cities, the Renaissance was fundamentally by economic growth, as Europeans sought to achieve higher standards of intellect. The Renaissance marked the beginning of Modern history. It subsequently revived their socio cultural achievements, developing ideas ofRead MoreSacred Music in the Age of Rebirth Essay1251 Words   |  6 Pages The Renaissance has not ceased to be an age of discussion and debate among historians throughout the recent centuries. The vibrant nature of the era marks it as a most fascinating period of history. The Renaissance can be described as an age carrying the essence of â€Å"self-discovery and fulfillment, of recognition of human worth, and a dynamic outpouring of artistic activity.† This new world flourishing with art and creative optimism was also steeped in a spirit of â€Å"revolt of the Medievalists.† Read MoreThe Middle Ages And The Renaissance1137 Words   |  5 PagesAges is thought to be a time period of obliviousness by many historians, where diminutive or no developments took place. The church was the focus of attention, and rather than a logical outlook of the world, beliefs were concentrated around fallacies; on the other hand, the resurgence of education and innovations that followed the Middle Ages and was branded as the Renaissance. There have been disagreements as to whether the Renaissance is actually a isolated time period, or instead, just a great point

Dell free essay sample

They do not in any way replace the recommended books that students are advised to use to supplement knowledge and understanding of the module. Students can purchase the recommended reading books from a retailer of their choice. However, students experiencing problems in obtaining books independently can contact us to make a purchase using LCM’s account with Amazon. Apple Company background Apple Inc, also earlier known as Apple Computer, Inc. is an American multinational corporation. They are responsible for designing and selling consumer electronics, computer software and personal computers. Apple sells all their products and services throughout the world through its online stores, its retail stores, direct sales force and third party wholesalers, resellers and value added resellers. History It was initially established in Cupertino, California on the 1st of April 1976. It was established by the late Steve Jobs,  Steve Wozniak Ronald Wayne to sell the Apple I personal computer kit. We will write a custom essay sample on Dell or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since its inception, it has seen many products being introduced from the Lisa and Macintosh in the early 1980’s to the iMac’s and iPads of today. During the early 90’s the company went through several launches and failed attempts at consumer electronics such as portable CD’s and portable cameras. There have been internal power struggles as well, among the CEO John Sculley and the Late Steve Jobs in the 1980’s, which resulted in Jobs resigning from apple and founding NeXT Inc. In the late 90’s with stiff competition from Unix and Sun Microsystems and apple not being profitable, Steve Jobs was brought back as an adviser and later became the interim CEO of the company. He was instrumental in reinventing and redesigning the product line of the organisation. During the years of 2005 2007 Apple was able to make a transition to Intel processes and later became formally known as Apple Inc, rather than Apple Computers. Customers The Company sells to various segments of customers both B2B and B2C The Company operates in five segments: Americas, Europe, Japan, Asia-Pacific and Retail. The Americas segment includes both North and South America. The Company sells its products globally through its retail stores, online stores, and direct sales force and third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers, and value-added resellers. Apple has not only given a whole new focus for the entertainment industry, but it has also given a whole new meaning to the alphabet! (2) As in any other organisation Apple has had and continues to contend with many environmental forces that provide opportunities and threats. Its culture of reinvention and creativity has enabled it to succeed through many difficult times as well as making use of opportunities. Political / Legal environment Apple Inc. has been incorporated in the United States. Therefore, Apple is directly exposed to the political and legal environment of the US. Whilst the political environment of the US is highly stabilised, it has strict rules and regulations in place to protect the wellbeing of the country and its citizens. Trademark laws, copyright laws, intellectual property laws, consumer protection laws and the United States competition law, which is known as the antitrust law would be some of the main forms of regulations that affects the operations of Apple Inc. Apple deals with technologies which accommodates sharing and utilising of data. Therefore, data protection laws directly create an impact on Apple. Furthermore, Apple works with many third parties such as resellers and content providers. Any changes to laws that govern business practices will largely affect Apple Inc. Economic environment Apple Inc. operates in over 11 countries with more than 300 stores. Mostly, all economies in the world are in the process of recovering from the recession. All products offered by Apple are non-essential, but definitely habit forming and lifestyle defining. The recovery will be a great opportunity for Apple to showcase its latest innovations and implement upgrades. However, pricing must be right if Apple wants to capture the market at this point in the economic cycle. Furthermore, Apple can make it an opportunity to work with dealers and financial institutes to offer purchase plans focusing on affordability. Social Environment Apple is offering products to customers who don’t even know what they want. Customers or potential customers have unlimited needs and wants. Though most of these needs are realised ones, there are an uncountable amount of unrealised needs which are given life through breakthrough technology producers such as Apple. At the same time, customers are also part of the society at large. Therefore, there is a trend towards favouring producers who are ethical and socially responsible. Social networking sites and gadgets have also started to play a major role in customers and potential customers lives. These sites and blogs have proven to be a good form of opinion leaders who mould customers’ values and beliefs. Single households due to an increased number of unmarried individuals, multitasking to cope with the fast phased life, localisation from food to politics, increase in spiritualism are some of the leading trends in society. In summary, the society is both spoiled and confused with: †¢ Too much information †¢ Too much choice †¢ Too much technology Technological Environment The technological environment in which Apple operates is hostile and fast moving. It no longer takes years for a technology to be out-dated or outdone, but it only takes a few weeks and sometimes, only a few days. Technology plays an important role in developing products, delivering them and in communicating about the product to the relevant markets. Apple is known to be one of the main innovators in the entertainment industry. It introduced technological breakthroughs to the gaming market, music industry, mobile phone market, and video and movie entertainment market. Some of these technologies created a barrier for many other organisations whilst they became a new line of thought for others. However, new technologies increase exposure to privacy and copyright violation while blurring the boundaries amongst industries. In conclusion, all elements of the macro environment are interrelated. For example, a technological breakthrough allowed Apple to challenge libraries and book stores through its i-pad. However, at the same time, the i-pad did and will do damage to the traditional delivery methods of reading material, which can result in possible legal action. Whilst one part of the society has made the i-pad a part of its lifestyle, others consider it to be a destruction to the wellbeing of people. All in all, Apple is on its way to give a whole new meaning to the ordinary fruit which was once used to teach the first letter of the alphabet! Question Identify sources of information that can be used to assist marketers in conducting a PEST analysis. Answer There are various sources for an organisation to collect information. Primary sources and secondary sources are the main two methods of data collection. Both primary and secondary sources can be utilised by Apple to collect information when carrying out its PEST analysis. Primary research is concerned with conducting new research, whilst secondary research is concerned with identifying appropriate information from already collected information that exists in the market. Secondary sources for example can be government statistics, sales information, reports etc. Primary research can be obtained by methods such as questionnaires, focus groups and in depth interviews. In discussion below we will be focusing on how information on each of the PEST factors can be obtained by Apple. Political and Legal Information on the political background of the company can be accessed from various secondary sources: Sources available on the internet such as reports on the political background of the countries that the company operates in can be used to access information on the company’s political environment. Government reports too are another important source that can be used. There are a number of laws and regulations affecting Apple. Trademark laws, copyright laws, intellectual property laws, consumer protection laws and the United States competition law can be named as the key laws affecting the company. Information on laws affecting Apple can be accessed from secondary sources such as legal documents and though regulatory bodies. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE OF SOFTWARE Economic As Apple operates in around 11 countries, the economic environments of these countries have an impact on the operations of Apple. Information on the economic conditions impacting on the company such as the GDP can be accessed from sources such as government statistics and again through government reports. Most of the countries that the company is operating in are recovering from the recession. Therefore, accessing information on the economic environment of these countries is important to ensure successful operations. Internet sources and reports which contain information on the economic background of the company can be used to access information. Social Information on the social environment of the company is very important in catering to the needs of the customers. Primary information is more useful when identifying the social environment of the company. Social networking sites have started to play an important role in the lives of many customers. Online questionnaires can be posted on social networking sites. These can be useful in identifying the social needs of customer groups. The perceptions of opinion leaders can also be accessed through social networking sites. Customers tend to favour products which are ethical and socially responsible. The perceptions of the customers can be identified through these social networks. Therefore, social networks can be a valuable primary source in accessing information on the social environment of the company. [pic] The dell is in growth stage Technological Apple is a leading technological company. The company operates in a fast changing technological environment. As the company deals with rapidly developing customer needs and wants in terms of technology, identifying the technological environment is key for Apple. Primary sources are important in identifying information on the technological environment rather than secondary sources. Information contained in secondary sources such as reports may be out of date, as the technological environment the company operates in is rapidly changing. Primary sources such as focus groups and in depth interviews can be used as the best methods in identifying the needs in terms of the technological requirements of the customers. Conclusion It is very important to access reliable, up to date and accurate sources when conducting the PEST analysis. Information on each environmental factor needs to be accurate. Political, legal and economic sources can be mostly accessed from secondary sources, whilst information on social and technological environments can be mostly accessed from primary sources. This sort of analysis has to be carried out periodically and this is dealing with the Macro environment, which is uncontrollable and continuously evolving.

Ultimate Origin Of Music Essays - Harmony, Musical Composition

Ultimate Origin Of Music your gods, and from off your hands. The ultimate origin of music is to locate in time to find out correctly. Music in its modern Western sense has become both a fine art and a fine discipline. Its prime constructive elements are melody, rhythm, and harmony. The music of primitive people and the culture of African, Amerindian, Asians are largely uninfluenced by European developments might lack harmony and maybe even melody as we know it, but it is not possible to make music devoid of rhythm. In Europe music, it is the fine art as we now recognize came during the Middle Ages. Music comes from the coming together and development of human expressive utterance. Vocal sound came later but being one spontaneous way of showing emotion and need, historians often assume, sometimes without proof, that primary music was made of some form of song. Moving the body is another way of expressing response to emotion response, a rhythmic form of sound set to go with dance or mime. Some Amerindians burst into shouts and wail which settle into musical intervals. Most of the earliest known instruments were clapping, rattles, stamping tubes, and later drums and xylophones are really extensions or projections of the movements of human limbs. The importance of rhythm and melody differ from the different cultures. Rhythm plays and inferior role among some people, but it is dominate to others. One of the clearest examples of such rhythmic dominance is the polyrhythmic beating of Central African drums. These complex patterns and off beats cannot be notated exactly. Music is more closely connected with the daily living of primitive people than of those in ore highly developed cultures. It goes with an important place in tribal rites concerned with birth, puberty, marriage, fertility, heath, death, resurrection, rain, planting, hunting, and combat. Most important music element largely absent from primitive music, is harmony as it has evolved in Western music since the Renaissance. The music of highly developed civilization of Asia and north Africa differs from primitive music. The profession frequently is handed down to generations in Bachlike musical dynasties in many areas, specialized schools gave thorough music education and training. The Bible illustrates the musical difference between the primitive and the more civilized stages. In the books of Judges and others, man and women of the people sing or play upon lyres(harps) and drums at celebrations. Like when Saul required music, he send for a David, a shephard to play for him on his lyre as I Samuel 16:23 says ?And it came to pass, when the evil spirit from God was upon Saul, that David took an harp, and played with his hand: so Saul was refreshed, and was well, and the evil spirit departed from him.? Levites are now selected to dedicate themselves to performing music in the temple. When the house of the Lord is finished, its servants include 288 music students in 24 grades ?under the hands of their fathers.? The music of the ancient Orient has not lasted, but the Orthodox Eastern Synagogues and other far Eastern places of worship has probably preserves some of it form and history. Much of the folf singing in Asia and North Africa has changed little during two or three millenia. Otherwise we must rely on archaeology for information on the lost ancient music. Our sources of information are slighty richer in India, China, and Japan, where old nations and religions have survived, than in the Western Orient, where christianity and Islam put an end to the ancient c ivilizations. Oriental music is richest and more sophisticated in India and Pakistan. Indian melody never is entirely free; invention moves within limitations of pointed out patterns(ragas) in which a mood is related to a certain scale. In India, like the rest of the Orient, music is strongly influenced by extra musical concepts. Not only scales and melodic patterns, but even single tones, stands for the cardinal point of direction. A noted recent development in the Orient, especially in Japan and India, has been the rapidly increasing accepting of performances of Western music: Instruments, vocal, and jazz. As a result many highly trained Orients have become expert performers

The Prodigal Son Essays

The Prodigal Son Essays The Prodigal Son Essay The Prodigal Son Essay In only a couple of weeks we come to Great Lent, the period of fasting, prayer, and preparation before Christ rises from the dead. In order to prepare for this great event, there are a few skills that we as Orthodox Christians must keep in mind. One of these is forgiveness. Jesus’ message about forgiveness is clearly given to us in the bible through the parable of the Prodigal Son. In this story, two brothers are promised large inheritances from their father. However, while the older brother patiently waits for his inheritance, the younger brother asks for his share right away. He ends up wasting all of his money on material items, and not saving any for food or shelter. The younger son returns to his father’s house, not expecting a warms welcome. However, the father is thrilled to see him, and even prepares a banquet for him. The older brother is upset that the father welcomed the younger brother back, but the father tells him that he should be happy, because â€Å"his brother who was once lost had been found†. We as Orthodox Christians can learn a lot about forgiveness from the parable of the Prodigal Son. A lot of times many of us feel like the older brother in the story. When somebody hurts our feelings, or does something bad to us, we don’t really want to forgive them for what they did. However, God’s message is very clear. Even though the younger son hurt his father by taking all of his money and wasting it, the father forgave him. We need to follow this example as well. If we can’t forgive other people for what they have done to us, then how can we expect God to forgive us for all of the things that we have done against him? If we all keep this idea in mind, and remember God’s message to forgive others, we will be able to come into Great Lent with a clean spirit, and will be much more prepared for Christ’s resurrection.

How to Use Hyphens in Spanish

How to Use Hyphens in Spanish Beginning Spanish students, at least those who speak English as a first language, have a tendency to overuse hyphens. Hyphens (known as guiones) are used much less in Spanish than they are in English. They are used infrequently in the written form of everyday speech, finding use most often in journalese and in writing of a less casual nature. The primary time hyphens are used in Spanish is to combine two adjectives or two nouns of equal status to form a compound word. This principle should be made clear by the following examples: Es un curso teà ³rico-prctico. (It is a course thats theoretical and practical.)relaciones sino-estadounidenses (Chinese-U.S. relations)el vuelo Madrid-Paris (the Madrid-to-Paris flight)literatura hispano-rabe (Spanish-Arabic literature)Los pà ©talos son blanco-azules. (The petals are bluish white.) Note, as in some of the above examples, that the second adjective in compound adjectives formed in this way agrees in number and gender with the noun being described, but the first adjective typically remains in the singular masculine form. An exception to the above rule occurs when the first part of the compound form uses a shortened form of a word rather than a word that could stand alone. The shortened form then functions something like a prefix, and no hyphen is used. An example is sociopolà ­tico (socio-political), where socio is a shortened form of sociolà ³gico. Hyphens can also be used to join two dates, as in English: la guerra de 1808-1814 (the war of 1808-1814). When Hyphens Are Not Used in Spanish Here are some examples of cases where hyphens are not used in Spanish where they are used (or can be, depending on the writer) in English: Numbers: veintiuno (twenty-one), veintiocho (twenty-eight)Words formed with prefixes: antifascista (anti-fascist), antisemitismo (anti-Semitism), precocinar (pre-cook), cuasilegal (quasi-legal)Words or phrases formed by two words that dont have the same status: hispanohablante (Spanish-speaking), bienintencionado (well-meaning), amor propio (self-respect) Finally, it is common in English to combine two words and hyphenate them to form a compound modifier, especially when preceding a noun. Usually, such words are translated as a phrase or single word in Spanish or arent translated word for word. Examples: Well-informed citizenry (ciuidadanà ­a bien informada)Sub-zero temperatures (temperaturas bajo cero)Good-natured person (persona bondadosa)Man-eating tiger (tigre que come hombres)High-intelligence individuals (individuos de alta inteligencia)

Public money and bailout Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Public money and bailout - Essay Example The government's argument is based on the fact that if the private companies were not assisted properly, most of the companies will be forced to cancel the service contracts of thousands of workers which will again increase the unemployment problem. In a country like United States, most of the employment contracts are based on the at-will employment types. Such employment contracts grant permission for the employers to dismiss their workers even without citing a proper reason. So unemployment problem will go beyond the grasp of the governments if the private companies were not assisted properly at this juncture of financial crisis. It is under this perception that the governments justifying their action to bailout private companies. "In their valiant efforts to avoid pain now, our governments are not asking themselves how much employment could be generated if the billions they are earmarking could be invested more wisely. The truth, however, is that carmakers were already receiving lavish support from the public purse long before the foundations of the world's economy started to wobble. Between 2003 and 2007, the European Investment Bank gave '6.5bn in loans to carmakers, including companies like Jaguar and Land Rover that prize customers with more money than brains. (Cronin, 2009) "Currently, private businesses and companies around the world, especially in Western economies, have already started laying off thousands of their employees, attempting of course to save themselves from a credit crunch and a looming global recession. The US unemployment figures rose to 7.2 per cent from 4.9 per cent in Dec 2008" (Bureau of Labour Statistics, 2009).Reports from western countries showed that many people have lost their jobs and many are afraid of losing it in near future. The current crisis seems to be deepened from day by day. All the remedial measures taken by the governments were proved to be insufficient to tackle the issue. Nobody expect a magical recovery in the near future. This time recession came unexpectedly to most of the people. The economic pundits were failed to forecast the crisis early enough to warn the people or the governments. The new American administration led by Barak Obama is facing the huge challenge of how to tackle the current crisis and at the same time how to preserve the jobs of the working class. Most of the common people are working in Public money and bailout 3 private companies and hence the governments cannot stay away from their moral responsibility of assisting the common people in preserving their jobs. "According to a recent report by the IMF, growth in emerging and developing economies is expected to slow sharply, from 6.25 percent in 2008 to 3.25 percent in 2009." (Cardozo, 2009) One of the prominent growing economies in the world, India has reported that they are expecting a growth rate of 7.1% though they anticipated more than 9% before the crisis begun. Most of the other emerging and developing economies found it extremely difficult to sustain their growth rate even though the crude oil prices has come down a lot. In order to analyze the depth of the crisis, the current crude oil price

Palestinian Conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Palestinian Conflict - Essay Example The reason attributed towards such behavior has been the 'glorification of raw power, blind subservience to authority, and a frightening hatred of others' (Juetten, 2004). Ethnocentrism was mainly responsible towards the political failure of the Middle East region, and the human rights atrocities committed by the extremist forces of Israel and Palestine aggravated the situation. The terminology of a nation was well-defined, and the ethnocentrism affiliated with the Palestinian population in particular, and the people of Middle East, in general, we're focused and highlighted. Said is considered to be the 'major force in the emerging discourse on the post-colonial', and the principles of the states were rephrased. It was observed that Said reflected a conviction towards 'literary criticism' (Juetten, 2004), and integrated the historical and social circumstances for the characterization in constructive and evident manner, to avoid assertion. The concept of ethnocentrism was carried soon after Said was exiled, and it is believed that the exile was an opportunity for Edward to 'overcoming narrow-mindedness and taking an outside view on the familiar while, at the same time, never being an end in itself and rather always connected with a desire for the return and normalization of the affairs' (Juetten, 2004). The common understanding between the analysts of the Middle East affairs and the critics of Edward Said is that he reflected he dwelled in the pluralistic world, and therefore reflected 'ethical cosmopolitanism, which takes common humanity as its goal'. Said insisted and rephrased that the development of universalism and state governing principles are based on 'continual taking of another's place' (Juetten, 2004), and refuted the concept which linked the development of the universalism with the abstraction. Edward Said was previously considered to be an outstanding Palestinian academic, who emerged as 'Palestinians' most famous and revered spokesman' (Juetten, 20 04). The analysts are of the opinion that the Palestinian situation deeply influenced his 'intellectual capabilities', and then this is to be considered as the core of the 'idea of dispossession', where the direct reference is being towards the 'actual dispossession of Palestinians or the intellectual dispossession of the colonized', where the grieved party was subjected to severe conditions and were traumatized, and their agenda was ignored, which was finally presented through 'prism of oriental-ism' (Juetten, 2004). Said is considered to be the spokesman for the Palestinian Diaspora, but after 1992 his affiliation towards the occupied territories and East Jerusalem was more concentrated, and therefore he introduced different proposals for the settlement of the issuers, but the proposals were not centered on pivotal stand, rather the motive of the proposal with reference to the solution of the affairs of the disputed state was to achieve peace through reconciliation, and sacrificia l spirit rather than geographic and demographic repositioning.

Women on Death Row Essay Example for Free

Women on Death Row Essay History of Death Row Capital punishment is punishment by death for a crime, also known as the death penalty (Encyclopedia, Britannica, online). A sentence of death may be carried out by one of five lawful means: electrocution, hanging, lethal injection, gas chamber, and firing squad. Capital punishment is viewed very differently by many people. Some think it violates our Eight Amendment of the United States Constitution, cruel and unusual punishment, while others think it is justice to those who have had their voices taken away. The first established death penalty laws date as far back as the 18th Century B.  C. in the Code of King Hammaurabi of Babylon, which codified the death penalty for twenty-five different crimes. The death penalty was also part of the 14th Century B. C. ’s Draconian Code of Athens, which made death the only punishment for all crimes; and in the 5th Century B. C. ’s Roman law of the Twelve Tablets. Death sentences were carried out by such as crucifixion, drowning, beating to death, burning alive, and impalement. In the 10th Century A. D. , hanging became the usual method for executions for any crime, except in times of the war. This trend would not last very long, in the 16th Century, under the reign of Henry VIII, as many as seventy-two thousand people were estimated to have been executed. Boiling, burning at the stake, hanging, beheading, and drawing and quartering were some of the common methods of executions. The number of capital crimes rose in Britain throughout the next two centuries, and by the 1700’s, two hundred twenty-two crimes were punishable by death in Britain; including stealing, cutting down trees, counterfeiting tax stamps, stealing from a house or shop, and robbing a rabbit warren. Because of the severity of the death penalty, many of the jurors would not convict the defendants if it was not a serious offense. This helped lead to the reform of Britain’s death penalty, and it helped influence America’s use of the death penalty also. The first attempted reform in the United States of the death penalty occurred when Thomas Jefferson introduced a bill to revise Virginia’s death penalty laws. It proposed that capital punishment be used only for the crimes of murder and treason, and the bill was defeated by only one vote. Although some states abolished the death penalty in the mid-19th Century, it was actually the first half of the 20th Century that marked the beginning of the â€Å"Progressive Period† of reform for the Unites States. Women’s First Executions There are very little details of many of the earlier hangings because of the lack of media in those times. Newspapers only began to be routine in the mid 1800’s and even then they were usually only published on a weekly basis. But as a result, the earliest recorded female hanging in the colonies was that of Jane Chapman in James City, Virginia, in 1632 (http:www. apitalpunishmentuk. org/amfemhang. html). Jane Champion’s crime was lost in history, and no one seems to know the offense she committed. The second woman known to be executed in the United States that was recorded was that of Margaret Hatch on June 24th 1633, for murder, also in Virginia. Hanging was the normal method of execution for both males and females until the electric chair was introduced in 1888 in New York (http://www. capitalpunishmentuk. org/chair. html). It was also stated that the female prisoners usually liked to look their best before their executions and if they could afford it, they would buy or make themselves a new outfit for the event. If they were too poor to make or buy an outfit, it was not out of the ordinary for their friends, the townsfolk, or even the sheriff to provide them with new clothes to wear for the execution. Women Currently on Death Row It is very rare for a woman to be given the sentence of death in the United States. There are approximately fifty thousand women in prison in the United States, and only 0. % of them are on death row. Very few women enter the capital murder system, and fewer still are ever actually executed, according to the (Death Penalty Info Center): †¢ Women account for only one in ten murder arrest. †¢ Women account for one in fifty death sentences imposed at a trial level. †¢ Women account for only one in seventy-one persons presently on death row. †¢ Women account for only one in ninety-two persons actually executed in the modern era since 1976. As of January 1st, 2011, there were 60 women on death row (â€Å"Death Penalty for Female Offenders†). This constitutes for 1. 5% of the death row population of around 3,251 people on death row in the United States. Both the death sentencing rate and the death row population remain very minute for females in comparison to that of males. The execution of female offenders is quite uncommon with only 571 documented cases as of December 31, 2011, and beginning with the first execution in 1632, that of Jane Champion. These executions constitute 2. 9% of the total confirmed executions in the United States since 1608. As of December 31, 2011, there were only twelve females that had been executed since 1976 in the United States. Women on Death Row in Tennessee Tennessee Prison for Women in Tennessee is located in Davidson County in Nashville, and was opened in 1966. It is a maximum security facility with an operating capacity for seven hundred eighty-nine female felons in the state of Tennessee, and it is also accredited by the American Correctional Association. The TPFW houses inmates on all levels, including pre-release participants, work release inmates, and those women who are sentenced to the death penalty. The TPFW also offers academic courses that help the inmates get their GED and also Adult Basic Education, along with Special Education programs. Vocational classes such as computer literacy and application, construction, greenhouse management, culinary arts, and cosmetology skills are also offered to the female inmates. This is offered to help the inmates when and if they are released back into society to help them better survive outside the walls of prison. Inmates also have full right of entry to a range of treatment and psychological programs that include substance abuse, sex offender treatment and aftercare, anger management, pre-release and career management success programs. The prison also offers a drug and alcohol treatment program called the Correctional Recovery Academy. They also have a training program called PPAWS, Prison Puppies Achieving Worthy Service, which is designed to help in the rehabilitating of the female inmates, while also teaching them a marketable job skill. TPFW has also received national acknowledgment for their weekend child visitation program. In the state of Tennessee, there have only been two women sentenced to death row since record taking began, Gaile K. Owens, and Christa G. Pike. Gaile Kirksey Owens, inmate# 109737, was born September 22nd, 1952, in Memphis, Tennessee (http:tn. ov/correction/media/womendeathrow. html). Later, Gaile married Ronald Owens, who was an associate director of nursing. Mr. Owens was 37 years old when Gaile Owens in a murder-for-hire scheme, paid $17,000 to Sidney Porterfield to murder her philandering husband on February 17, 1985. Owens was sentenced to death on January 14th, 1986, for accessory before fact-murder. Owens served twenty-six years on death row and after twenty-six years of appeals, her defense attorney asked the court to either commute her sentence or issue a recommendation to the governor to do so. Owens fate rested in the hands of Governor Phil Bredesen. Within two months of Owens execution, on July 14, 2010, Governor Bredesen commuted her death sentence to life and she could be eligible for parole in 2012. Governor Bredesen said he decided to commute her sentence to life in prison because she had a plea deal with the prosecutors but then was put on trial when her co-defendant refused to accept the bargain. This was the second time that Governor Bredesen commuted the death sentence to a convicted murderer. Christa Gail Pike inmate#261368, born March 10th, 1976, in West Virginia, became the youngest woman ever condemned to die in the U. S. , and the youngest woman on death row (The Straits Times, April 22, 2001). In 1994, Pike left her home in Durham, North Carolina, headed to Knoxville, Tennessee to work for the formal Job Corps Program. Pike was a high-school drop out and her mother had encouraged her to go join the Job Corps to at least get her some training. While there, Pike fell in love with a guy named Tadaryl Shipp, one year her junior. Together, Pike, and Shipp dabbled in devil worship together, along with their other friend, Shadolla Peterson. Pike became jealous of a fellow Job Corps worker, Colleen Slemmer, thinking that she was in love with Shipp and was trying to steal her boyfriend. Even though Slemmer kept trying to reassure Pike that she had no interest in her boyfriend, Pike did not believe her. Colleen Slemmer told her mother that she would wake up in the middle of the night and Christa Pike would be standing over her, she was very scared of Pike. Pike set out on a vengeance, she didn’t believe that Slemmer wasn’t in love with Shipp. Christa Pike, along with Tadaryl Shipp and Shadolla Peterson, lured Slemmer to Tyson Park, offering her marijuana as a peace offering. All four of them signed out of the dorm on the night of January 12, 1995, and that is when the horror began. Pike and her boyfriend, Shipp, tortured Colleen Slemmer for 30 to forty-five minutes with a box cutter and a small meat cleaver, and they even carved a swastika symbol on her chest while she was still alive. They got bored with cutting her, so pike picked up a chunk of asphalt and smashed Slemmers head again and again. Finally, after about an hour of torture, she was dead. Pike picked up a piece of Slemmers skull, placed it in her jacket pocket, and the three returned back to the dorm. The three was arrested within thirty-six hours of committing the crime. It took only two and one-half hours to convict Christa Pike guilty on both counts of murder and conspiracy. Pike was sentenced to death by electrocution for the murder charge and was given twenty-five years for the conspiracy charge. Pike was also charged with attempted 1st degree murder on August 12, 2004, when she strangled inmate Patricia Jones with a shoe string, nearly choking her to death. In her final round of state court appeals, Pike’s defense team tried to persuade the appellate court to create a new class of killers who should be exempt from the death penalty-18-year-olds with a history of mental illness. In April 2011, a state appeals court rejected her effort to escape death row. The state Supreme Court will next review Pike’s latest appeal efforts. If Pike fails to win a reprieve from the high court, she then will be allowed to a federal appeal. But until the, Christa Pike will remain in her 810 cell at the end of the maximum security wing in Nashville, Tennessee, at the Tennessee Prison for Women. After doing research on Christa Pike, I contacted the Tennessee Women for Prison and sent my request to get an interview with her, but as of today, I have not received any response. In reading up on Pike, I have found that she does not do many interviews, and she does not write many people back that have written to her. In the interviews I have watched about her, I personally believe that she does not have any remorse for the crimes she committed and therefore, she deserves to sit in her 810 cell and think about how lucky she is to be alive.

Hablando de Inteligencia Exitosa (aprendizaje) :: essays research papers

Hablando de Inteligencia Exitosa by Dumar Là ³pez CONTORNO Tesis: La base del aprendizaje, se encuentra en la confrontacià ³n que se realice entre los conceptos propios y los ajenos, sustentados en fuentes verà ­dicas que proporcionen una informacià ³n exacta. Sin embargo, para el à ©xito se hace necesaria la correcta transicià ³n entre informacià ³n y conocimiento, que se logra dando significado propio a la primera. I. Trabajo en grupo #1: Ideas propias, no siempre la mejor opcià ³n 1) Descripcià ³n: a) Sin bases sà ³lidas. b) Auto didactismo. 2) à mbito cognoscitivo a) Aproximacià ³n al salà ³n de clase. II. Trabajo en grupo #2: Experiencia, distracciones y proposiciones 1) Descripcià ³n: a) Puntos de comportamiento. 2) à mbito cognoscitivo a) Los profesores como facilitadotes. b) Conformar conocimiento. III. Trabajo en grupo #3: El papel de las tecnologà ­as de la informacià ³n 1) Descripcià ³n: a) Útiles para la educacià ³n. b) En constante desarrollo. 2) à mbito cognoscitivo a) Mà ºltiples funciones del hipertexto y el chat. IV. Caracterà ­sticas del à ©xito: 1) Descripcià ³n: a) Confianza en sà ­ mismo. b) Parte de la inteligencia. 2) à mbito cognoscitivo a) Mentes creativas y prà ¡cticas. Hablando De Inteligencia Exitosa La base del aprendizaje se encuentra en la confrontacià ³n que se realice entre los conceptos propios y los ajenos, sustentados en fuentes verà ­dicas que proporcionen una informacià ³n exacta. Sin embargo, para el à ©xito se hace necesaria la correcta transicià ³n entre informacià ³n y conocimiento, que se logra dando significado propio a la primera. Primeramente, basado en experiencias propias afirmo que el trabajar solo y sin colaboracià ³n o pensamientos diferentes provoca el encasillamiento en ideas y conceptos en la mayorà ­a de las ocasiones errà ³neos. En este caso, no existe correccià ³n por alguien talvez mà ¡s experimentado o sapiente del tema a tratar. Personalmente, la aficià ³n por los computadores sà ­ funciona en estas ocasiones con las facilidades del hipertexto y el Chat permitiendo variados contrastes con ideas diferentes. Segundo, como afirman algunos autores tales como Klausmeier (1915), Vygotsky (1978), y Piaget (1950), el trabajar en un ambiente solitario aunque es efectivo para evitar distracciones, no es lo mejor para generar conocimiento. Por lo tanto, en determinadas situaciones estudiando solitariamente no se logra encadenar y dar un significado correcto a la informacià ³n. Finalmente, la palabra à ©xito siendo tan extensa no puede conformarse de una sola letra, sino del conjunto coherente de estas ademà ¡s de una tilde que genera su correcta pronunciacià ³n, a la tilde le proporcionamos el papel de la experiencia y a las demà ¡s letras, conceptos propios y ajenos. Asimismo, significa el porquà © de conformar la unidad (significado) a travà ©s del agrupamiento de algunas partes (conceptos). Para concluir, al compilar algunos conceptos junto a informacià ³n proporcionada por fuentes experimentadas con ideas propias se genera un texto coherente y no teà ³rico, demostrando lo que segà ºn Robert Sternberg (1997) serà ­a el producto de una â€Å"inteligencia prà ¡ctica y creativa† determinante del à ©xito.

Vacation Destination Preferencees

CHAPTER 1: The Problem and its Background Introduction Vacation destinations are places where someone can go or take a visit to free from work and away from home. These places may be beaches, landmarks, forests, and others in type. Visiting these places requires no age but still, it is better that the place is suitable or appropriate to anyone who visit it. Summer is approaching. Many families or people will surely find a place for their vacation, a place where they can spend their times together. Somewhere which is stress-free and will give them the peaceful feeling they want.Wherever place it is, they’ll definitely need some money to enjoy and in able to reach their desired destination. The Philippines contains many islands that will definitely give the qualities people want from vacation places, especially the amenities that can be found on it. The purpose of this research is to identify the preferred vacation destinations of the constituents and to know their plans on visi ting the places. Moreover, the researcher is interested in taking a more serious look into the most preferable vacation destinations for the residents or constituents of a particular barangay.Statement of the Problem This study was undertaken to find out the most preferable vacation destinations of the constituents of Barangay 502 Sampaloc, Manila and their plans regarding to their visit on the place. Specifically, this study sought answers to the following research questions: 1. What type of place do the constituents prefer for a vacation? 2. Whom do the constituents like to go with for a vacation? 3. How much money do the constituents willing to spend for a vacation? 4. What particular vacation destination/s here in the Philippines do the constituents prefer for a vacation? . 1 In Luzon? 5. 2 In Visayas? 5. 3 In Mindanao? Scope and Limitations This study looked into the preferable vacation destinations here in the Philippines, specifically in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao and their plans regarding to their visit on the place. Only 50 constituents of Barangay 502 Sampaloc, Manila were involved. No attempt was made to compare and correlate these vacation destinations with any other places in any other countries. Definition of Terms Preference the choice of one thing or person over another (Webster’s Student Dictionary)Vacationa time set aside from work (Webster’s Student Dictionary) Amenityagreeableness; pleasantness (Webster’s Student Dictionary) Constituentserving to form or compose as a necessary part (Webster’s Student Dictionary) Relaxto rest (Webster’s Student Dictionary) Research Methodology Research Design The Descriptive method was used to achieve the objectives of this study. This method seeks to describe a present existing condition, which in this study were the preferable vacation destinations of the constituents of a particular barangay and their plans regarding on the visit to the place.Respondents The target pop ulation consisted of 50 constituents of Barangay 502 Sampaloc, Manila, 32 males and 18 females to be specific. Research Instrument The researcher prepared a checklist which was used for the survey. Data-Gathering Procedure The data were drawn from the 50 constituents of Barangay 502 Sampaloc, Manila who were given a checklist-type of questionnaires for the survey. The researcher gave the checklist individually and it lasted for 3 days. Statistical Treatment Individual responses were tallied before they were put in tables ready for the statistical treatment.Percentage was utilized to quantify the data gathered for subproblems 1, 2, 3, 4. 1, 4. 2 and 4. 3. The formula for percentage is: P= f/N x 100 Where: P= percentage f= frequency N= total number of respondents CHAPTER 2: Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data Gathered This chapter presents the data gathered regarding the most preferred vacation destinations of the constituents of a particular barangay and their plans re garding on visit to the place, and proceeds to the analysis and interpretation of said data. Subproblem 1What type of place do the constituents prefer for a vacation?Table 1 Type of Place of the Constituents for a Vacation Type of Place| Male| %| Female| %| Total| %| Rank| a. Beach| 24| 75%| 13| 73%| 37| 74%| 1| b. Landmark| 2| 6%| 2| 12%| 4| 8%| 3| c. Amusement Park| 2| 6%| 3| 17%| 5| 10%| 2| d. Mountain| 2| 6%| 2| 12%| 4| 8%| 3| e. Forest| 2| 6%| 3| 17%| 5| 10%| 2| Table 1 presents the preferred type of place of the constituents for a vacation. Among the male constituents, 24 or 75% preferred to go to Beach for a vacation, while the Landmark, Amusement Park, Mountain, and Forest each got a 2 or 6% from the male constituents.Among the female constituents, 13 or 73% preferred to go to beach for a vacation, Amusement Park and Forest each got 3 or 17%, and both Landmark and Mountain got 2 or 12% from the female constituents. As a whole, 74% of the constituents preferred the Beach as t heir type of place for vacation, 10% for Amusement Park and Forest, and 8% for Landmark and Mountain. Subproblem 2With whom do the constituents like to go for a vacation? Table 2 Companion of the Constituents for a Vacation Companion| Male| %| Female| %| Total| %| Rank| a. Family| 18| 56%| 10| 56%| 28| 56%| 1| . Friends| 6| 19%| 3| 17%| 9| 18%| 3| c. Special Friend| 5| 16%| 5| 28%| 10| 20%| 2| d. Alone| 3| 9%| 2| 12%| 5| 10%| 4| Table 2 presents the preferred companion of the constituents for a vacation. Among the male constituents, 18 or 56% like to go with their families for a vacation, 6 or 19% with their friends, 5 or 16% with a special friend and 3 or 9% like to go by themselves. Among the female constituents, 10 or 56% want to go with their families for a vacation, 5 or 28% with a special friend, 3 or 17% with their friends and 2 or 12% like to go alone.As a whole, 56% of the constituents like to go with their families for a vacation, 20% with their special friends and 10% wan t to go by themselves. Subproblem 3How much money do the constituents willing to spend for a vacation? Table 3 Amount Money of the Constituents to Spend for a Vacation Amount| Male| %| Female| %| Total| %| Rank| a. P1,000-P3,500| 6| 19%| 4| 23%| 10| 20%| 2| b. P3,500-P7,000| 2| 6%| 4| 23%| 6| 12%| 3| c. P7,000-P12,000| 8| 25%| 2| 12%| 10| 20%| 2| d. P12,000-P20,000| 15| 47%| 7| 39%| 22| 44%| 1| Table 3 presents the amount that the constituents willing to spend for a vacation.Among the male constituents, 15 or 47% were willing to spend P12,000-P20,000 for a vacation, 8 or 25% for an amount of P7,000-P12,000, 6 or 19% for P1,000-P3,500, and 2 or 6% were willing to spend P3,500-P7,000. Among the female constituents, 7 or 39% were willing to spend P12,000-P20,000, while an amount of P1,000-P3,500 and P3,500-P7,000 each got 4 or 23% from the female constituents and 2 or 12% for P7,000-P12,000. As a whole, 44% were willing to spend P12,000-P20,000 for a vacation, 20% for an amount of P1,0 00-P3,500 and P7,000-P12,000, and 12% for P3,500-P7,000.Subproblem 4What vacation destination/s here in the Philippines do the constituents prefer for a vacation? Subproblem 4. 1 in Luzon? Table 4. 1 Vacation Destinations of the Constituents in Luzon Luzon| Male| %| Female| %| Total| %| Rank| Baguio City| 18| 56%| 8| 45%| 26| 52%| 1| Puerto Galera| 10| 31%| 2| 12%| 12| 24%| 4| Puerto Princesa| 12| 38%| 4| 23%| 16| 32%| 2| Tagaytay| 7| 22%| 5| 28%| 12| 24%| 4| Makati City| 2| 6%| 0| 0%| 2| 4%| 8| Caramoan Peninsula| 7| 22%| 1| 6%| 8| 16%| 5| Camarines Sur| 11| 34%| 4| 23%| 15| 30%| 3| Subic| 11| 34%| 5| 28%| 16| 32%| 2| La Union| 2| 6%| 3| 17%| 5| 10%| 6|Banaue| 1| 3%| 3| 17%| 4| 8%| 7| Table 4. 1 presents the preferred vacation destinations in Luzon of the constituents for a vacation. Among the male constituents, 18 or 56% want to go to Baguio City, 12 or 38% to Camarines Sur and Subic, 10 or 31% to Puerto Galera, 7 or 22% to Tagaytay and Caramoan Peninsula, 2 or 6% to Makati City a nd La Union, and only 1 or 3% want to go to Banaue. Among the female constituents, 8 or 45% want to go to Baguio City, 5 or 28% to Tagaytay and Subic, 4 or 23% to Puerto Princesa and Camarines Sur, 3 or 17% to La Union and Banaue, 2 or 12% to Puerto Galera and 1 or 6% to Caramoan Peninsula.As a whole, 52% of the constituents want to go to Baguio City for a vacation, 32% to Puerto Princesa and Subic, 30% to Camarines Sur, 24% to Puerto Galera and Tagaytay, 16% to Caramoan Peninsula, 10% to La Union, 8% to Banaue and only 4% want to go to Makati City for vacation. Subproblem 4. 2in Visayas? Table 4. 2 Vacation Destinations of the Constituents in Visayas Visayas| Male| %| Female| %| Total| %| Rank | Aklan| 3| 9%| 2| 12%| 5| 10%| 4| Boracay| 25| 78%| 8| 45%| 33| 66%| 1| Bohol| 5| 16%| 7| 39%| 12| 24%| 2| Guimaras Island| 4| 13%| 1| 6%| 5| 10%| 4|Cebu City| 7| 22%| 5| 28%| 12| 24%| 2| Antique| 3| 9%| 1| 6%| 4| 8%| 5| Bacolod City| 5| 16%| 1| 6%| 6| 12%| 3| Valencia, Negros Oriental| 0| 1 0%| 0| 0%| 0| 0%| 8| Tacloban City| 1| 3%| 0| 0%| 1| 2%| 7| Iloilo City| 2| 6%| 0| 0%| 2| 4%| 6| Table 4. 2 presents the preferred vacation destinations of the constituents in Visayas. Among the male constituents, 25 or 78% want to go to Boracay, 7 or 22% to Cebu City, 5 or 16% to Bohol and Bacolod City, 4 or 13% to Guimaras Island, 3 or 9% to Aklan and Antique, 2 or 6% to Iloilo City, and 1 or 3% want to go to Tacloban City.Among the female constituents, 8 or 45% want to go to Boracay, 7 or 39% to Bohol, 5 or 28% to Cebu City, 2 or 12% to Aklan, and 1 or 6% want to go to Guimaras Island, Antique, and Bacolod City. As a whole, 66% of the constituents want to go to Boracay for a vacation, 24% to Bohol and Cebu City, 12% to Bacolod City, 10% to Aklan and Guimaras Island, 8% to Antique, 4% to Iloilo City, and 2% to Tacloban City. Subproblem 4. 3in Mindanao? Table 4. 3 Vacation Destinations of the Constituents in MindanaoMindanao| Male| %| Female| %| Total| %| Rank| Camiguin Island| 7| 22%| 4| 23%| 11| 22%| 1| Compostella Valley| 1| 3%| 2| 12%| 3| 6%| 7| Davao| 6| 19%| 5| 28%| 11| 22%| 1| Dinagat Island| 4| 13%| 1| 6%| 5| 10%| 5| Zamboanga| 6| 19%| 1| 6%| 7| 14%| 3| Butuan City| 1| 3%| 1| 6%| 2| 4%| 8| Dipolog City| 4| 13%| 2| 12%| 6| 12%| 4| Koronadal City| 2| 6%| 2| 12%| 4| 8%| 6| Bucas Grande Island| 5| 16%| 2| 12%| 7| 14%| 3| Tawi-tawi| 6| 19%| 4| 23%| 10| 20%| 2| Table 4. 3 presents the preferred vacation destinations of the constituents in Mindanao.Among the male constituents, 7 or 22% want to go to Camiguin Island for a vacation, 6 or 19% to Davao, Tawi-tawi, and Zamboanga, 5 or 16% to Bucas Grande Islands, 4 or 13% to Dinagat Island and Dipolog City, 2 or 6% to Koronadal City and 1 or 3% to Compostella Valley and Butuan City. Among the female constituents, 5 or 28% want to go to Davao, 4 or 23% to Camiguin Island and Tawi-tawi, 2 or 12% to Compostella Valley, Dipolog City, Koronadal City, and Bucas Grande Islands, and 1 or 6% want to go to Dinagat Island, Zamboanga, and Butuan City.As a whole, 22% of the constituents want to go to Camiguin Island and Davao for a vacation, 20% to Tawi-tawi, 14% to Zamboanga and Bucas Grande Islands, 12% to Dipolog City, 10% to Dinagat Island, 8% to Koronadal City, 6% to Compostella Valley and 4% want to go to Butuan City. CHAPTER 3: Summary of Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations The purpose of this study was to know the most preferable vacation destinations here in the Philippines mainly, in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao for the constituents of a particular barangay and their plans regarding on visit to the place.Using the Descriptive method, particularly the use of a checklist for the survey, the researcher gathered data from the 50 constituents of Barangay 502 Sampaloc, Manila. The data were quantified using percentage. Summary of Findings Based on the analysis and interpretation of data gathered, the findings are: Subproblem 1Type of Place * 74% wanted Beach as a type of vacation place * 10% preferred to go to Amusement Parks and Forests * 8% chose Landmarks and Mountains as vacation place Subproblem 2Companion * 56% preferred to go with family * 20% liked to go with special friend 18% wanted to go with friends * 10% just wanted to go alone Subproblem 3Amount to Spend * 44% were willing to spend P12,000-P20,000 * 20% were willing to spend an amount of P1,000-P3500 and P7,000-P12,000 * 12% were willing to spend P3,500-P7,000 Subproblem 4. 1Places in Luzon * 52% desired to go to Baguio City * 32% desired Puerto Princesa and Subic as a vacation place * 30% desired Camarines Sur as a vacation place * 24% desired Puerto Galera and Tagaytay as a vacation place * 16% desired Caramoan Peninsula as a vacation place 10% desired La Union as a vacation place * 8% desired Banaue as a vacation place * 4% desired Makati City as a vacation place Subproblem 4. 2Places in Visayas * 66% wanted to go to Boracay * 24% wanted Bohol and Cebu City as a vacation place * 12% wanted Bacolod City as a vacation place * 10% wanted Aklan and Guimaras Island as a vacation place * 8% wanted Antique as a vacation place * 4% wanted Iloilo City as a vacation place * 2% wanted Tacloban City as a vacation place Subproblem 4. 3Places in Mindanao * 22% liked to go to Camiguin Island and Davao 20% liked Tawi-tawi as a vacation place * 14% liked Zamboanga and Bucas Grande Islands as a vacation place * 12% liked Dipolog City as a vacation place * 10% liked Dinagat Island as a vacation place * 8% liked Koronadal City as a vacation place * 6% liked Compostella Valley as a vacation place * 4% liked Butuan City as a vacation place Conclusions Based on the findings, the researcher arrived at these conclusions: 1. Type of place of the constituents for a vacation Majority of the constituents prefer the Beach for the type of vacation place. 2.Companion of the constituents for a vacation Majority of the constituents are going to a vacation with their families. 3. Amount of money the constituents wi lling to spend for a vacation Majority of the constituents are willing to spend an amount of P12,000-P20,000 for a vacation. 4. Vacation destinations here in the Philippines that the constituents want to visit. 5. 1 Luzon Majority of the constituents prefer to visit Baguio City for a vacation in Luzon. 5. 2 Visayas Majority of the constituents prefer to visit Boracay for a vacation in Visayas. 5. 3 MindanaoMajority of the constituents prefer to visit Camiguin Island and Davao for a vacation in Mindanao. Recommendations Based on the conclusions, the researcher endorses some ways to make the constituents enjoy and make their vacation as a memorable and an unforgettable experience of their lives. 1. In able to enjoy the vacation of the constituents, they must set aside first their problems and make the best things they could do to the place where they are taking vacation. This will surely make everyone on the vacation stress-free and free themselves from the things bothering them. 2. C herish every moment of the vacation.These moments will surely make the constituents smile every time they remember the happenings and experiences they had on that vacation. 3. Enjoy the place. The view, the people, and the amenities that can be seen on the place. These things will definitely fulfill the enjoyment and make the vacation one of a kind. 4. Know the culture, the dialect, and the people of the place. These will give an extra-ordinary experience and additional knowledge for the constituents from the place of vacation. 5. Make the vacation as the time of loved ones. Vacation is the best time to have a quality time with the loved ones.

Analysis of Saab

Saab is an acronym for Svenska Aeroplan Aktiebolaget. The company was founded in Sweden in 1937 for the purpose of building aircrafts for the Swedish Air Force during World War II. After the war ended, Saab entered the automobile industry and relocated to Trollhattan where they are still located today. Saab is well diversified producing products in five different business units: Aeronautics, Dynamics, Electronic Defense Systems, Security and Defense Solutions, and Support and Services. Saab was acquired by General Motors in 1990 who then sold the rights to Spyker Cars in 2010. Target Consumer: Saabs’ target market is labeled as â€Å"postmodern individualists† who create their own style rather than following others. These individuals are considered well-educated and usually live in urban areas. They seek a car that is simple, delivers quality performance, and provides outstanding safety. The car driving experience is built around the idea of providing pleasure for the driver. Saab’s main markets include Sweden, United States, and the United Kingdom. Competitors: Saab competes with many well established brands and companies in each of its main markets. The Volkswagen Group which owns; Audi, Bentley, Bugatti, Lamborghini, SEAT, Skoda, and of course Volkswagen is one of Saabs’ numerous competitors. They also compete with BMW, Volvo and Daimler AG who makes Mercedes. Saab has been struggling to revive slumping sales in the US market for some time. Their lack of ability to create a distinctive design and finding the right price tags are some of the reasons they have found it difficult to compete as a luxury brand. Industry Analysis: The automobile industry as a whole has taken a hit since the global economic downturn and has created an uphill battle for Saab ever since. In 2008 the Swedish government had to provide financial assistance to both Volvo and Saab due to the automotive industry crisis. These events have taken a toll on Saabs output and performance within the industry. In February of 2009 General Motors, Saabs owners at the time warned that Saab may fail should the Swedish government not intervene again. Struggling to maintain a stable financial intake Saab was forced to close down its manufacturing plants and again seek financial aid outside of the company. Saab’s capacity to preserve a stable imagine as it moves forward is critical to future success in the competitive automobile industry. SWOT Analysis: After taking a look at Saab’s strengths, one of its strongest is its ability to innovate. As stated earlier, Saab offers a variety of products ranging from military defense, aeronautics, civil security products, and automobiles. Saab has demonstrated several first mover advantages throughout its history. For instance, Saab created the first car standardized with fitted seatbelts in 1958. More recently, they introduced cross-wheel drive in 2008. In general, Saab emphasizes safety in the production of its cars, satisfying its customers by creating a safe vehicle is one of Saabs key strengths. A few other strengths include brand loyalty as well as foreign brand strength. With strengths also comes weaknesses, and one of Saabs biggest weakness is its small market share. Its automobiles are only marketed in select countries and to a certain consumer. This is probably a key reason why the company has been losing sales, causing them to recently halt production due to insufficient funds owed to their suppliers. This has been leading to work stoppages along with Saab missing sales targets. This can drastically hurt the company’s brand image and further damage sales in the future. Saab is also caught in the middle of prices with competition. Majority of its cars are not priced towards the lower or upper bounds in the market. Forecasting Saab’s opportunities in the future all does not seem to be lost. If Saab is able to establish a form of credit and investment from outside resources, the company can get back on its feet. Saab’s main focus now should be to move into new markets and attempt to capture market share. With recent news and talks of securing money from Chinese investors, Saab should act on this opportunity. By partnering with the Chinese, Saab will have access to the Asian markets which can potentially generate new market share and sales. They also have the potential to gain manufacturing innovations which can lead to cost savings as well as technological advancements. Saab is still a company with many threats however. If Saab is unable to capture market share, it will be difficult for them to recover. Key Issues: As mentioned earlier, Saab Automobile was forced to stop making cars because of a dispute with their suppliers about payment. The vice president of global sales at Saab hoped the issue would be resolved within a week so the carmaker could get the needed parts and resume vehicle assembly. This incident was the result of Saab’s component makers halting deliveries and demanding payment. Saab did not have the cash to pay their suppliers, so a loan was needed. It is important for a manufacturing company to maintain a good relationship with their suppliers. Saab was unable to do that and it hurt the production of their cars. Innovation is also important for Saab, they should continue to innovate new safety features and improve the performance of their vehicles to achieve a competitive edge. Recommendations: Since the major issue for Saab right now is lack of liquidity, the first recommendation for Saab is to get more funding from the European Investment Bank. Bringing a new Russian bank could be a good idea and building trust to enhance investment. Unfortunately, Saab’s financial plan is quite dependent on the government policy which makes it more difficult for Saab to be flexible in its decision making. It is very important that Saab maintains better communication and trust with its suppliers to increase a good reputation and a basis to demand longer deadlines for payment. In addition, there might be some operational issues or supply chain unbalance, which could be the cause of lack of leadership. This could be the result of their illiquidity. In this case, this is now high time for Saab to actually look over its operation and whole procurement process, apply lean manufacturing, and figure out the root of the problem.

The Unification of Early China essays

The Unification of Early China essays The sheer size of China prevented its early unification, but beginning with the Shang dynasty, there was an organized political entity. It was the first main power to have a stable political and religious hierarchy. Although the state did not control much territory, its culture had far-reaching influence. The Shang dynasty showed advances in military technology, which coincided with advances in civilization. The kingship was based on religion and ritual. When the Zhou succeeded the Shang, the basis for enduring states was further established. Military prowess advanced greatly, as well as morally based civil arts, and the growth of loyalty to the empire. In Ebrey, there are three Zhou rulers established as contributing to the stability of the state during this time. King Wen is attributed with the formation of alliances to attack the Shang; His son King Wu built a new eastern capital and proceeded to build the army that defeated the Shang; Wu's successor regent extended and consolida ted the new territories to bring the entire Yellow River plain until control. These events mark the beginning of centralized Chinese bureaucracy. In this time the practice of sending out family members and trusted friends as provincial rulers began, to lessen the risk of rebellion in distant cities. It was also during this time that the territory was divided into states, each having its function. With the succession of the Qin dynasty, legalism was used to strengthen the power of the rulers, and as a result, the people were law-abiding, tax-paying and agriculturally productive citizens. In turn, this strengthened the empire. This dynasty boasts the unification of China by King Zheng, or "the First Emperor." He conquered not only the Qin state but all the other Chinese states of the Zhou as well. And where he conquered, he imposed uniformity on the people. Most of the old local culture was lost in his initial reforms of state and society, but the new ...

Phoneme Definition and Examples in English

Phoneme Definition and Examples in English In linguistics, a phoneme is the smallest sound unit in a language that is capable of conveying a distinct meaning, such as the s of sing and the r of ring. Adjective: phonemic. Phonemes are language-specific. In other words, phonemes that are functionally distinct in English (for example, /b/ and /p/) may not be so in another language.  (Phonemes are customarily written between slashes, thus /b/ and /p/.) Different languages have different phonemes. Etymology: From the Greek, sound Pronunciation: FO-neem Examples and Observations The central concept in phonology is the phoneme, which is a distinctive category of sounds that all the native speakers of a language or dialect perceive as more or less the same...[A]lthough the two [k] sounds in kicked are not identical- the first one is pronounced with more aspiration than the second- they are heard as two instances of [k] nonetheless...Since phonemes are categories rather than actual sounds, they are not tangible things; instead, they are abstract, theoretical types or groups that are only psychologically real. (In other words, we cannot hear phonemes, but we assume they exist because of how the sounds in languages pattern as they are used by speakers.) (Thomas E. Murray, The Structure of English:  Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology. Allyn and Bacon,  1995)Two points need to be stressed: (1) the most important property of a phoneme is that it contrasts with the other phonemes in the system, and hence (2) we can only speak of the phoneme of some particular speec h variety (a particular accent of a particular language). Languages differ in the number of phonemes they distinguish...but every valid word in every language necessarily consists of some permissible sequence of that languages phonemes. (R.L. Trask,  A Dictionary of Phonetics and Phonology. Routledge, 2004) An Alphabetical Analogy: Phonemes and Allophones The concepts of phoneme and allophone become clearer by analogy with the letters of the alphabet. We recognize that a symbol is a despite considerable variations in size, colour, and (to a certain extent) shape. The representation of the letter a is affected in handwriting by the preceding or following letters to which it is joined. Writers may form the letter idiosyncratically and may vary their writing according to whether they are tired or in a hurry or nervous. The variants in the visual representations are analogous to the allophones of a phoneme, and what is distinctive in contrast to other alphabetic letters is analogous to the phoneme. (Sidney Greenbaum, The Oxford English Grammar. Oxford University Press, 1996) Differences Between Members of a Phoneme We cannot rely on the spelling to tell us whether two sounds are members of different phonemes. For example...the words key and car begin with what we can regard as the same sound, despite the fact that one is spelled with the letter k and the other with c. But in this case, the two sounds are not exactly the same...If you whisper just the first consonants in these two words, you can probably hear the difference, and you may be able to feel that your tongue touches the roof of the mouth in a different place for each word. This example shows that there may be very subtle differences between members of a phoneme. The sounds at the beginning of key and car are slightly different, but it is not a difference that changes the meaning of a word in English. They are both members of the same phoneme. (Peter Ladefoged and Keith Johnson, A Course in Phonetics, 6th ed. Wadsworth, 2011)

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 187

Summary - Essay Example hat, there is need for him to be paid more since his talent has made the SiriusXM radio to increase its revenues to $1.4billion pre-tax income (Gillette, 1). Howard Stern’s talent of moving the audience, led to the growth of the audience listening to the SiriusXM up to 27.3 million in 2014. This kind of talent led to the assimilation of the XM Satellite. This is an indication of rivalry in this industry, where talent is the driving force of the economy. The managers of various satellite radios stations are compelled to pay more to attain a super class of talent like that of Stern. This brings us to the state of things as they may exits when Howard Stern exists. Stern’s staggering relationship with the management of the SiriusXM puts his career in a balance in this corporation and this leaves a vacuum if Stern decides to quit (Gillette, 1). In essence, the article asserts that talent is the single most element that is driving the world and this explicitly indicates that there would be no SiriusXM without Stern. The ever-increasing consumer base attributed to the SiriusXM immensely attributed to the commonly integrated audio service, which Sirius XM has capitalised and ensured that it is done in cars, Smartphone and computers. This aspect of product differentiation has made this corporation to stand out among other numerous competing companies. For instance, the Silicon Valley and Apple’s entry into the market indicates the nature of the stiff competition that is created and this needs superior marketing and talent to thrive well in the modern competitive market milieu (Gillette, 1). The directors of Sirius XM feel the heat of the competition in the Radio industry and this compels them to state that they would pay Stern any amount of money as long as he ready to work. This is an indication that solely talent drives the radio industry and it should be well paid for the corporations to make profits. In essence, Stern’s exit will see the SiriusXM loose

Leading Change Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Leading Change - Case Study Example Other than the Chairman, the company is managed by a CEO and has four divisions: R&D, Production, Sales and Finance. A Vice President, followed by a Senior Manager who in turn oversees Team Managers, heads each division. (pg.7) The culture in the company seems to an open one. Peers and seniors interact with each other and take joint decisions. However, the marketing team is not very open to new ideas as it feels the same might require a lot of concept selling , which makes their task difficult.(pg 5).Similarly, the Production team had to be shown a prototype and working of the new product before they could be convinced that it was worth the efforts. They also had to be convinced that the product would not require any additional investment and could be manufactured with the existing machinery. The structure and culture of the company are related in many ways The decisions seem to follow a top-down approach. If the V.P is convinced about an idea, it is quite easy to pass it on to the Senior Managers and Team Managers who would actually execute the decisions. While each tam works independent of the other, unless the top brass is convinced, the teams are not ready to implement any new idea. The structure and culture of the company ... o Briefly describe the power structures and politics that you see in Good Sport. To what extent are these the result of the organizational structure and culture To what extent do they determine the culture As you navigated through the various power structures at Good Sport, what decisions do you feel could have been made that stemmed beyond the options provided to you within the simulation Power structures and politics are a part and parcel of any workplace. In Good Sport too, they are existent to some extent. As a Senior Manager, I had to make great efforts to convince the production and sales teams to go in for the new product XtendSport designed by Frazier O Donell. Not only did I have to facilitate the presentation by Frazier, I had to speak to Tamara Watkins, V.P R&D to put in a word to the CEO; invite Samuel Olsen, V.P. Sales, along with a few colleagues to discuss the new fitness equipment, XtendSport; and get an approval from the sales team. Also, I had to barter with support to one of the sales team's ideas if they supported the sales of the new product. Thus although the sales team initially felt that the product would require concept selling, which they felt was a tough task, after all the cajoling and ingratiation tactics, they were ready to take up the job and provide all support for the product. Thus, from a low position on the power graph, I had moved to a very high position. Similarly, the production team had to be convinced that production of XtendSport would not lead to higher costs. Initially, the production team opposed the design, thinking that it would lead to higher manufacturing costs. They had to be shown a prototype of the product and

Scavenger Hunt Worksheet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Scavenger Hunt Worksheet - Essay Example 1. Datamonitor Business Information Center provides detailed coverage of companies, industries, and countries. Included are over 10,000 country profiles, over 2000 industry profiles, and over 50 country profiles. 2. Investext Plus provides complete images in PDF format of analysts’ reports on a variety of industries and publicly traded companies. The reports found in Investext Plus can be used for access to detailed information about earnings, growth, market share, and other aspects of company and industry performance. 3. EIU ® Viewswire ® provides current coverage of political and economic trends in 195 countries. Risk analysis and economic forecasts are provided for virtually all nations. This resource is recommended for courses in economics and international business. 4. Business Insights, formerly known as Reuters Business Insight offers in-depth research reports regarding industries, marketing, and technologies. This database is recommended for courses in business and technology management. 1. Did you know that the University of Phoenix Library has librarians available to help you with your Master’s Level research? An electronic form sends the librarian a request on a topic, a journal, or any other library resource. Our Ask a Librarian service is your pathway to obtaining professional guidance and recommendations regarding your research. For those challenging topics, ask a librarian for his or her professional research assistance. 2. The Center for Writing Excellence is another fabulous tool made available to you by the University of Phoenix. Not only can you submit a paper to the grammar checker and get a corrected paper back within minutes, but you can also check your paper automatically for plagiarism to make sure you cited all of your research correctly. Along with these valuable reviewing tools are several tutorials and guides to assist you in producing the finest work possible.

The Economy In Switzerland Economics Essay

The Economy In Switzerland Economics Essay   Switzerland is a peaceful, wealthy, and current market economy with low unemployment, a highly expert labor force, and a per capita GDP among the highest in the world. Switzerlands economy benefits from a highly developed service sector, led by financial services, and a manufacturing industry that specializes in high-technology, knowledge-based production. Its economic and political stability, transparent legal system, exceptional infrastructure, efficient capital markets, and low corporate tax rates also make Switzerland one of the worlds most competitive economies. The Swiss have brought their economic practices largely into conformity with the EUs, to enhance their international competitiveness, but some trade protectionism remains, particularly for its small agricultural sector. The fate of the Swiss economy is tightly linked to that of its neighbors in the euro zone, which purchases half of all Swiss exports. The global financial crisis of 2008 and resulting economic downtur n in 2009 stalled export demand and put Switzerland in a recession. The Swiss National Bank (SNB) during this period effectively implemented a zero-interest rate policy to boost the economy as well as prevent appreciation of the franc, and Switzerlands economy recovered in 2010 with 2.7% growth. The sovereign debt crises currently unfolding in neighboring euro-zone countries pose a significant risk to Switzerlands financial stability and are driving up demand for the Swiss franc by investors seeking a safehaven currency. The independent SNB has upheld its zero-interest rate policy and conducted major market interventions to prevent further appreciation of the Swiss franc, but parliamentarians have urged it to do more to weaken the currency. The francs strength has made Swiss exports less competitive and weakened the countrys growth outlook; GDP growth fell to 2.1% in 2011. Switzerland has also come under increasing pressure from individual neighboring countries, the EU, the US, and international institutions to reform its banking secrecy laws. Consequently, the government agreed to conform to OECD regulations on administrative assistance in tax matters, including tax evasion. The government has renegotiated its double taxation agreements with numerous countries, including the US, to incorporate the OECD standard, and in 2011 it reached deals with Germany and the UK to resolve outstanding issues, particularly the possibility of imposing taxes on bank deposits held by foreigners. These steps will have a lasting impact on Switzerlands long history of bank secrecy. Definition:  This entry briefly describes the type of economy, including the degree of market orientation, the level of economic development, the most important natural resources, and the unique areas of specialization. It also characterizes major economic events and policy changes in the most recent 12 months and may include a statement about one or two key future macroeconomic trends. Source:  CIA World Factbook   Unless otherwise noted, information in this page is accurate as of July 26, 2012 1. Introduction: About two third of the area of Switzerland is covered with forest, lakes and mountains. Since Switzerland has no mineral resources, it must import, process and resell them as products. Services are the most important part of the economy. This includes banking, assurances and tourism. agricultural is also an important part of the economy. But the production of the Swiss farmers does not fulfill the needs of all people, so Switzerland must rely on imported goods from other countries. 2. The three sectors: The economy in Switzerland is divided into three sectors: landwirtschaft  (agriculture) industrie (industry) diensteistungen  (services) Less than 10% of the population is employed in the  landwirtschaft  (agriculture), also considered the  primary sector. This sector is strongly supported by the government. About 40% of the population is employed in the  Industrie, Gewerbe and Handwerk  (industry, trade and handicraft), also considered the  secondary sector. This sector includes the  Maschinen- und Metallindustrie  (machine and metal industry),Uhrenindustrie  (watch industry) and the  Textilindustrie  (textile industry). All of them export much of their products to foreign countries and suffer a lot because of the expensive Swiss Franc. The fact that Switzerland does not belong to the European Union additionally slows down the Swiss exports. More than 50% of the population is employed in the  Dienstleistungssektor  (services), also considered the  tertiary sector. This sector includes banking, assurances, tourism and so on. Banking is one of the most important businesses in Switzerland. Many of the banks have started to use the Internet for business purposes. For more information, see the  directory of Swiss banks. 3. Foreign trade: Switzerland is one of the countries with the highest contribution of the foreign trade to the gross inland product. The most important trade partners are the so called industrialized countries. In 2003, 77.2% of the exported goods were shipped to and 89.0% of the imported goods came from those countries. In particular, 60.3% of the goods were shipped to and 81.7% of the imported goods came from countries which belong to the European Union (EU). 3.1 Most important trade partners: The tables below show the names of the countries and the values of the imported and exported goods in million Swiss Francs (1  million = 1000000) for the year 2003. Rank Country Import Rank Country Export 1 Germany 41200 1 Germany 27700 2 Italy 13800 2 USA 13800 3 France 13700 3 France 11500 4 Netherlands 6400 4 Italy 11000 5 Austria 5400 5 Great Britain 6200 USA 5400 6 Japan 5100 6 Great Britain 4900 7 Austria 4400 7 Ireland 4700 Netherlands 4400 8 Belgium 3600 8 Belgium 2600 9 Japan 2600 9 Ireland 900 3.2 Most important trade goods: The table below shows the value of the imported and exported goods in million Swiss Francs (1  million = 1000000) for the year 2002. No Goods Import No Goods Export 1 Chemicals 27256 1 Chemicals 44846 2 Machines 25925 2 Machines 31693 3 Vehicles 12843 3 Precision tools, watches, jewelry 22602 4 Agriculture and fishery 9864 4 Agriculture and fishery 4219 5 Metals 9329 5 Vehicles 3742 6 Textile, clothing and shoes 8625 6 Textile, clothing and shoes 3726 7 Precision tools, watches, jewelry 8167 7 Leather, rubber, plastic 3647 8 Energy 5369 8 Paper 3275 9 Paper 4740 9 Other 1746 10 Other 4516 10 Metals 975 11 Leather, rubber, plastic 4264 11 Stone, soil 780 12 Stone, soil 2229 12 Energy 363 4. Currency: The Swiss currency is called  Schweizerfranken  (Swiss Francs) or short  Franken. One hundred  Rappen  make up one Swiss Franc.  CHF  is the ISO representation for Swiss francs; however, the old notation sFr. is still used quite often. This is a  5 Franken  coin, called a  fà ¼nfliber The currency is available in the following coins: 1 Rappen (Rà ¤ppler, no longer in use) 2 Rappen (Zweirà ¤ppler, no longer in use) 5 Rappen  (Fà ¼nfer) 10 Rappen  (Zehner) 20 Rappen  (Zwanziger)  ½ Franken  (Fà ¼nfziger) 1 Franken  (Frà ¤nkler) 2 Franken  (Zweifrà ¤nkler) 5 Franken  (Fà ¼nfliber) a long time ago, there used to be a  five francs bill  (includes images of approx. 220kB) Images  of all coins. The currency is available in the following bills: 10 Franken (images of current, previous and older bill, approx. 400 kB) 20 Franken (images of current and previous bill, approx. 450 kB) 50 Franken (images of current bill, approx. 220 kB) 100 Franken (images of current, previous and older bill, approx. 710 kB) 200 Franken (images of current bill, approx. 270 kB) 1000 Franken (images of current bill, approx. 330 kB) To convert currency, we suggest the  oanda online currency converter. 5. Cost of living: Now and then I receive questions about the cost of living in Switzerland. Even tough it is difficult to compare the costs of living between various countries, I try to list some indications that may give an idea what it means to go along with your salary in Switzerland. 5.1 Exchange rates: I remember times when I was young (some 35 years ago), when one US dollar (USD) cost more than four Swiss Francs (CHF) and one German Mark cost more than one Swiss Franc. Today (May  14, 2010), one US dollar costs approximately CHF  1.11 and the German Mark has been replaced by the Euro (EUR). One Euro corresponds to about CHF  1.40. These ever changing exchange rates are one problem in comparing costs of living. 5.2 Salaries: Another problem in comparing the costs of living is the amount of money one has available to spend, also known as the salary. This is particularly difficult because most people do not like to talk about it, at least here in Switzerland. Of course, the actual salary depends on the education, the position within the company or organization, the duration of the employment etc. The following table is a very rough approximation of a yearly income depending on the level of education: type of education salary range apprenticeship (typically 3 or 4 years) CHF 40000 80000 Academic CHF 70000 150000 lower management CHF 120000 250000 higher management CHF 200000 ++ 5.3 Expenses: Again as a very rough approximation, a Swiss family spends its income as follows: 25-35% for rent of a condominium or house 10-20% for assurances (health, liability, theft, car), health care and savings deposits 15-20% for food (at home and in restaurants) 20-40% for other expenses (non-food, car maintenance, phone bills, vacations, recreational activities) 5-15% for taxes (Taxes vary across the different cantons quite a lot) 5.4 Cost of some food goods: The following table is a list of some food goods and their approximative cost as of summer 2010 in the area of Zà ¼rich. Goods Amount Approximative cost in CHF Bread in a store 1 kg 3.00 4.00 Milk in a store 1 liter 2.00 Coffee or tee in a restaurant 1 cup (no refill) 3.50 Softdrink in a restaurant 0.2 or 0.3 l 3.50 4.00 Hamburger in fast food restaurant 200 gr 5.00 A meal in a family restaurant without beverages 1 person 15.00 30.00 If you are not familiar with our metric unit system, see  explanations about metric versus U.S. unit systems 5.5 Cost of some non-food goods: The following table is a list of some non-food goods and their approximative cost as of spring 2010 in the area of Zà ¼rich. Goods Amount Approximative cost in CHF Diesel 1 liter 1.85 (changes daily!) Gasoline 1 liter 1.70 (changes daily!) Cigarettes 1 pack 5.00 Compact Disk (music) 1 CD 10.00 25.00 Jeans 1 100.00 150.00 Building land 1 m ² 400.00 1200.00 House (without land) 4 . 5 rooms 400000 1000000++ If you are not familiar with our metric unit system, see  explanations about metric versus U.S. unit systems

George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four 1984 :: essays research papers fc

1984 is a political parable. While Brave New World describes a future of everyone getting exactly what they want, George Orwell takes this in the opposite direction with a description of how the world most likely will be: mindless, loveless, unfeeling followers of nothing. The first paragraph of the story already foreshadows of what is to come with a description of Victory Mansions, the home of Winston Smith, the protagonist of this story. It tells of the â€Å"swirl of gritty dust†¦ The hallway smelt of boiled cabbage and old rag mats.† Even the names of places are depressing. He lives in the province of Airstrip One, the city of London, and in the country of Oceania. The other two countries are Eastasia and Eurasia. Big Brother, a fictional or real person—no one really knows—is the leader of this miserable system of Ingsoc—English Socialism, that is. No one is allowed to hold ideas different from those of the official propaganda outlet: Minitruth. T o enforce these laws, Big Brother uses many means, the first and foremost of these being the Thought Police, a corps of law officers who monitor the populace through undercover agents, infinite amounts of surveillance cameras and hidden microphones, and a two-way television screen that can be turned down, but never off. A new language is also being introduced to retard thought: Newspeak. This new English dialect uses shortened and compacted forms of modern day words that subconsciously facilitate the assimilation of misinformation through the omission of instances such as â€Å"science†, â€Å"freedom†, and â€Å"religion.† This, obviously, is a very bleak existence, and Winston, the oddball out, realizes it. Two characters besides Winston are brought into the plot. O’Brian is an extremely famous party member who Winston suspects is really a traitor member of the underground â€Å"The Brotherhood† led by the ex-Party member Goldstein. The other is a young girl, Julia, who he hates for her commitment to an Anti-sex league, and suspects of spying on him. And so, depressed, lonely, and ever conscious of the Party’s Minitruth slogan, â€Å"Who controls the past, controls the future: who controls the present controls the past,† he begins to search for the truth of the past, the rise to power of the current system, and, overall, the truth of his existence. The plot develops as he finds Julia is actually in love with him, and O’Brian seems to be making overtures to Winston on the subject of The Brotherhood.

Is Is a Flat World? Essay

Freidman summarizes the three globalizations that have occurred in the world. The first one in 1492-1800, making the world to a medium size. Second one in 1800 to 2000 making the world to a size small and third one starting in 2000 making the world flat after all these years of developing technology causing to become an integrate and flat world. Freidman’s 10 events and forces starting in Nov. 9, 1989 with Berlin Wall’s falling down mention how the world get flattened so fast. He mentions in these 10 events the Netscape moment offering the dot-com and connecting people in a way never before. This enable Indian engineers which years back when the world wasn’t globalized didn’t had the opportunity to compete in a position with an American to be enlisted for outsourcing. With these events the world suddenly began outsourcing, offshoring, open-sourcing, insourcing, supply-chaining and informing people and connecting them, showing the world a whole new idea: that we are living in a globalize world. The final event he called it â€Å"the steroids† which is the wireless access that enables you to connect with every person you want from anywhere with any device. Which is contrary to what Ghemawat says, â€Å"People are getting more connected but they aren’t connecting† (pg. 58 Ghemawat, 2005). The fact is that people are spending time chatting with family and friends that meeting someone to start a flat world. It is true that not everyone has the access to technology, but is a fact that each day more people get connected and collaborating to this than ever before in history’s life, this is the first step for a globalize world. Americans had become lazier in innovating probably because they never thought that globalization would be knocking in their front doors. â€Å"This is not a test† Freidman says, is already happening and the soonest you prepare for this the soonest you will be part of this flattened world. â€Å"Why the World Isn’t Flat† by Pankaj Ghemawat is just the opposite as everything Freidman tells, making an exaggeration to all this presumption of the world being flat. In the article he states facts proving we are far away from a fully globalized world. He evidences this by stating, â€Å"90% of all phone calls, web traffic and investment is global. † Freidman’s 10 forces seem persuasive but Ghemawat’s The 10 Percent Presumption proved him wrong. In these presumptions it shows that immigration, phone calls, direct investment, and others don’t even exceed the 10% in levels of internationalization across industries. Patents and portfolio investment barely exceeds the 10% and trade hardly beats the 20%. Even with trades being the highest you cannot have a globalize world with that percentage shown. For Ghemawat all of this flat world that Freidman says contains an exaggeration maybe in order to sell books and that we in fact are more cautious and prefer to be in a protectionism world. Although major revolutions as the Internet has improved the way we globally integrate, the barrier where globalization’s principles: language, geography and distance doesn’t matter is still not functioning at all. Russia’s local service Yandex beating up Google because they don’t have the ability to understand the complexities of the Russian language proves that we are not living in a globalize world. He also states that there is a fear of becoming a globalize world as tendency is supporting more protectionism and â€Å"that globalization may be incompatible† While Freidman’s posture is mentioning that a flat world involves everyone around, as a video-conference with the entire supply chain of the company and different employees all at once. You need to leave protectionism and a fear of being globalized and knowing you’re in a flat world when your office has eight different clocks. Ghemawat mentions that people like Friedman are describing globalization, as a world that doesn’t exists. The truth is for Freidman that people don’t know but we are actually living a globalization that is shown by stating a fact that China graduates twice students with bachelor’s degree than US. â€Å"America is falling behind† he says, but the truth is that everyone is falling behind if they don’t realize that the world is becoming more flat and less round. â€Å"The World is Spiky† by Richard Florida mentions that the world is more harrowing and less flat as Freidman says. He refers spiky with a map as the different peaks around the world and how they aren’t constant but significantly diverse that you cannot call it a flat world as Freidman. There had been a growth in countries with the major cities but they are leaving their other cities behind this process of globalization. Florida says this spiky globalization in big countries like China are concentrated their production, innovation in their rural regions leaving the urban outside of this making them have conflicts. Instead of a flatter world is becoming a spiky world with peaks dispersed all around it but in an inconsistent way. Instead of raising spikes, there needs to be valleys to have equality in their peaks for a flat world to come and he’s arguing why Freidman left this gap between the poor and rich behind. Also the article by Matt Taibbi â€Å"Flathead† for the New York Press, says he is not surprised about what Freidman says because he always continues to fail his metaphors in this case the world being flat. Arguing in favor of the exaggerations Ghemawat said about Freidman and the harrowing the world is as Florida. I believe that Freidman exaggerated of the world being flat but also I believe this is just what we need in order to have a motivation and not getting stuck in the laziness and comfort. Maybe this fear of globalization people have, is because they know that they’re living in a globalize world where they can be left behind if they don’t realize the fact that today the world is becoming more flat and less round or spiky.